Readers discuss how the modern understanding of Neanderthals represents a major correction in conventional knowledge, comparable to the reclassification of Pluto, and suggest ancient myths about “different sorts of people” may preserve distant truths about other hominin species. They cite Hindu Sanskrit literature, which distinguishes humans from beings such as Vanaras and describes interbreeding, as a possible parallel to anthropological knowledge of Neanderthals and Homo floresiensis.